To clarify the key factors influencing the yield composition of Puhua 55 and to achieve high-yield cultivation,this study employed correlation analysis,statistical analysis,and principal component analysis to investigate the relationship between the main agronomic traits and yield of Puhua 55. The results showed that the coefficient of variation for 11 main agronomic traits and yield of Puhua 55 ranged from 3.70% to 36.92%. The coefficient of variation for shelling percentage was the lowest,while the coefficient of variation for the number of full pods per plant was the highest. Pod yield was positively correlated with the number of pods per kilogram,the number of kernels per kilogram,and shelling percentage,but negatively correlated with hundred-pod mass. In addition,significant pairwise correlations were observed among agronomic traits,such as main stem length,branch length,and total number of branches. The strongest positive direct effects on pod yield were exerted by the number of pods per kilogram and branch length,with direct path coefficients of 0.938 and 0.879,respectively. Conversely,main stem length and the number of branches with pods had the most significant negative direct effects,with direct path coefficients of -0.513 and -0.392,respectively. Principal component analysis reduced the 11 agronomic traits to four principal components,with a cumulative contribution rate of 79.95%. Comprehensive analysis indicated that Puhua 55 demonstrated good planting benefits in Guzhen,Anhui ; Linyi,Shandong; Heze,Shandong; Sixian,Anhui,and Jining,Shandong. This study provides a theoretical support for the high-yield cultivation and extension of Puhua 55. |