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| 宁夏谷田不同覆膜下土壤温度、含水量和产量的变化研究 |
| Changes of Soil Temperature, Water Content and Yield Under Different Mulching in Ningxia Grain Field |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 宁夏谷田 地膜覆盖 土壤 温度 水分 产量 |
| 英文关键词:Ningxia grain field Plastic Film Mulching Soil Temperature Water Yield |
| 基金项目:宁夏自然科学基金项目(2022AAC05048)。 |
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| 摘要点击次数: 343 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探明适宜宁夏南部山区谷田获得高产的最佳地膜覆盖方式，采用随机区组设计，以当前宁夏大面积种植的谷子品种（Setaria italica）张杂谷13号为参试品种，以不覆膜方式为对照，探索了山西白色全生物降解地膜、甘肃黑色全生物降解地膜、普通地膜、渗水地膜4种覆盖方式处理下宁夏谷田土壤温度、含水量和产量的变化。结果表明，不同覆膜方式处理下的生育期有差异，白色全生物降解地膜和露地处理下的生育期较其他处理下的生育期晚3d；不同覆盖方式下的平均地温和含水量均有差异，甘肃黑色全生物降解地膜和渗水地膜下的平均温度比露地高0.5℃，含水量分别比露地高2.7%和1.1%；6月1日降雨前普通地膜处理下的土壤含水量明显高于其它处理，此时谷田土壤的含水量较其他处理达到最大值17.19%，6月15日黑色降解膜降雨后的最高含水量比普通膜高29.7%，覆膜45 d后黑色全生物降解地膜降解速率低于白色全生物降解地膜；黑色全生物降解地膜处理下的产量显著高于白色全生物降解地膜处理（P<0.05），比白色全生物降解地膜高38.8%，较普通地膜处理增产17.1%。综上所述，宁夏南部山区旱地谷田采用白色降解膜和渗水地膜覆盖方式下的谷子生长发育和产量水平较好。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To determine the optimal mulching method for achieving high yields in grain fields in the southern mountainous region of Ningxia, a randomized block design experiment was conducted. The widely cultivated millet variety in Ningxia, Setaria italica ‘Zhangzagu 13’, was used as the experimented variety. The treatments included four types of mulching films—white fully biodegradable film from Shanxi, black fully biodegradable film from Gansu, ordinary plastic film, and water-permeable film—with a no-mulching treatment as the control. Changes in soil temperature, water content, and yield under each treatment were investigated. The results showed that the growth period varied across treatments. The white biodegradable film and the control (no-mulching) treatments had a growth period 3 days longer than the others. The average soil temperature and water content under the black biodegradable and water-permeable films were 0.5℃ higher and 2.7% and 1.1% higher, respectively, than those in the control. Before the rainfall on June 1, soil moisture under the ordinary film was significantly higher than in other treatments, reaching a peak of 17.19%. On June 15, following rainfall, the soil moisture under the black biodegradable film was 29.7% higher than under the ordinary film. After 45 days, the degradation rate of the black biodegradable film was lower than that of the white film. Yields under the black biodegradable film were significantly higher than those under the white biodegradable film (P < 0.05), with an increase of 38.8%, and 17.1% higher than under the ordinary film. In conclusion, white biodegradable and water-permeable mulching films promote better crop development and higher yields in the dryland grain fields of southern Ningxia. |
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