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| 谷子白发病发病规律及其经济阈值研究 |
| Epidemic Regularity and Economic Thresholds of Millet Downy Mildew |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 谷子白发病 发病规律 产量 经济阈值 |
| 英文关键词:Millet downy mildew Epidemic regularity Yield Economic threshold |
| 基金项目:承德市科技计划项目“谷子白发病生防菌筛选及绿色防控技术集成与示范”（202305B053）；承德市科技计划项目“5种杂粮病虫害普查及典型病虫害绿色防控技术研究与示范”（202305B048）。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本研究采用田间定点定期系统调查方法，追踪白发病的发病进程及其气候影响因素。通过人工接菌和在不同叶龄阶段施药措施，评估白发病病情指数与产量损失率之间的关联性，据此制定病害防治的经济阈值。研究结果显示，在3~5叶期使用化学药剂喷施对白发病防治效果尤为显著，与其余叶期相比能显著提高谷子产量。影响白发病严重程度的关键因素包括日间平均地温、夜间相对湿度和初始病害发生率，其中白发病严重程度随温度升高而加剧。此外，随着谷子植株生育期推进，病情指数呈逐步上升趋势。逻辑斯蒂函数y = 58.52 / (1 + exp (- 0.085 x +1.69))能最优拟合病情指数x与产量损失率y之间的关系。经分析，谷子白发病的经济阈值对应的病情指数范围是1.02~ 1.34。本研究首次提出谷子白发病的经济阈值，明确了防治关键时期，为河北春播区谷子白发病精准防控提供了理论依据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This study investigated the epidemiological characteristics of millet downy mildew in northern Hebei, as well as its effects on economic injury levels, economic thresholds, and millet yield. Disease development and the climatic factors influencing its occurrence were examined through fixed-point surveys conducted at regular intervals. Artificial inoculation and pesticide application at different leaf stages were carried out to evaluate the relationship between disease severity index and yield loss, and to establish the economic threshold for disease control. The results showed that chemical pesticide application during the 3-5-leaf stage was particularly effective in controlling millet downy mildew, resulting in higher yields than applications at other growth stages. The key factors affecting the disease severity index were average daytime soil temperature, nighttime relative humidity, and initial disease incidence, and the disease severity index increased as temperature rose. In addition, the disease severity index increased progressively with the advancement of millet growth stages. The logistic function y = 58.52\[1 + exp(0.085x + 1.69)\] provided the best fit for describing the relationship between disease severity index (x) and yield loss rate (y). The economic threshold for millet downy mildew is 1.02 to 1.34 in terms of disease severity index. This study proposes, for the first time, an economic threshold for millet downy mildew, clarifies the critical period for its prevention and control, and provides a theoretical basis for precise disease management in spring-sowing areas of Hebei Province. |
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