| Peganum harmala was used as a test material to investigate the effects of bio-based sulfonate water-soluble fertilizer on seed germination and seedling salt tolerance under saline–alkali stress, aiming to provide new strategies for the improvement of saline–alkali land in Xinjiang.The experiment included three levels of saline stress (mild, moderate, and severe; groups A, B, and C) and three dilution levels of water-soluble fertilizer (100-, 300-, and 500-fold). The results showed that saline stress generally inhibited seed germination and seedling growth of Peganum harmala, with the strongest inhibitory effect observed under severe saline stress (22.80%) and the weakest under moderate saline stress (4.88%). The application of different dilutions of bio-based sulfonate water-soluble fertilizer effectively alleviated saline stress and improved germination rate, growth, and physiological indices, among which the 300-fold dilution treatment showed the best performance. Under severe saline stress, soluble sugar content, chlorophyll content, peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase activities in seedlings under the 300-fold dilution treatment (C-300) increased by 38.10%, 22.60%, 30.68%, 6.24%, and 27.94%, respectively, compared with the control (C-0). Comprehensive membership function analysis further indicated that the 300-fold dilution treatment under moderate saline stress was the most effective in alleviating salinity injury.This study demonstrates that bio-based sulfonate water-soluble fertilizer enhances salt tolerance in Peganum harmala and provides a scientific basis for seedling cultivation and large-scale application in saline–alkali land. |
