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| 新疆木垒县耕地土壤质量综合评价研究 |
| General Evaluation of Cultivated Land Soil in Mulei County, Xinjiang |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 木垒县 农作物 耕地土壤 IFI |
| 英文关键词:Mulei County Crops Cultivated land soil IFI |
| 基金项目:2024年木垒县测土配方施肥项目；2024年木垒县农业技术推广体系改革与建设项目。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本研究在对木垒县农业种植现状进行了统计分析的基础上，以容重、酸碱度、有机质、N、P、K和中微量元素作为评价指标，对新疆木垒县耕地土壤质量进行了综合评价。结果表明：木垒县2024年作物种植以小麦、鹰嘴豆、打瓜、玉米、茴香等为主，种植面积分别占73.71 %、11.09 %、8.68 %、2.64 %、1.43 %，东城镇、照壁山乡、英格堡乡、西吉尔镇、新户镇、雀仁乡农作物较丰富，其余乡镇农作物种类较单一。土壤容重为1.03~1.76 g/cm3，pH为7.8~9.0，变异系数小；有机质4.8~68.6 g/kg，全氮0.18~3.15 g/kg，碱解氮15.5~284 mg/kg，有效磷2.2~178 mg/kg，缓效钾334~2 066 mg/kg，速效钾71~1 469 mg/kg，有效磷变异大，其他因子变异中等；有效铁严重缺乏，有效锰、有效锌、有效钼处缺乏，有效铜不缺，有效硼丰富，有效硫和有效硅十分丰富，有效硫变异大，其他因子差异中等。耕地土壤质量综合评价结果显示，木垒县耕地土壤IFI为0.469 1，变异系数小，西北边为0.723 3，中部和东边0.493 9，西南边0.341 2。综上，木垒县农业种植以粮食种植为主，耕地土壤容重和酸碱度需改良，要补充N、P、Fe、Mn、Zn、Mo，综合土壤肥力西北好、中东部一般、西边较差。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Understanding the nutrient status of cultivated soils and evaluating cultivated land quality are important for high-quality regional agricultural development. This study was based on statistical analyses of current cropping in Mulei County. The evaluation indices included BD (bulk density), pH, OM (organic matter), N (nitrogen), P (phosphorus), K (potassium), and selected medium nutrients and micronutrients. These indices were integrated to comprehensively evaluate cultivated land soil quality in Mulei County, Xinjiang. The results indicated that: 1) In 2024, the main crops in Mulei County were wheat, chickpea, watermelon, corn, and fennel, accounting for 73.71%, 11.09%, 8.68%, 2.64%, and 1.43% of the planting area, respectively. Cropping patterns were more diverse in Dongcheng Town, Zhaobishan Town, Yinggebao Town, Xijier Town, Xinhu Town, and Queren Town, whereas other towns had relatively limited crop diversity. 2) Soil bulk density ranged from 1.03 to 1.76 g/cm3, and soil pH ranged from 7.8 to 9.0; the coefficients of variation (CVs) were low. Soil organic matter ranged from 4.8 to 68.6 g/kg; total nitrogen ranged from 0.18 to 3.15 g/kg; available nitrogen ranged from 15.5 to 284 mg/kg; available phosphorus ranged from 2.2 to 178 mg/kg; slowly available potassium ranged from 334 to 2 066 mg/kg; and available potassium ranged from 71 to 1 469 mg/kg. The CV for available phosphorus was high, whereas the CVs for other indicators were moderate. Extractable Fe was severely deficient; extractable Mn, Zn, and Mo were deficient; extractable Cu was adequate; extractable B was high; and extractable S and Si were very high. The CV for extractable S was high, whereas the CVs for other micronutrients were moderate. 3) The comprehensive evaluation indicated that the soil IFI was 0.469 1, with a low CV. The IFI values were 0.723 3 in the northwestern area of Mulei County, 0.493 9 in the central and eastern areas, and 0.341 2 in the southwestern area. Consequently, agricultural production in Mulei County was dominated by grain crops. Soil bulk density and pH require amelioration, and N, P, Fe, Mn, Zn, and Mo require supplementation. Overall soil fertility is higher in the northwestern and central/eastern areas, but lower in the southwestern area. |
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