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| 旅游采摘园鲜食葡萄果实糖酸组分解析 |
| Analysis of Sugar and Acid Components in Table Grapes from Tourist Picking Gardens |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 鲜食葡萄 成熟果实 可溶性糖 有机酸 |
| 英文关键词:Table grapes Mature fruit Soluble sugar Organic acid |
| 基金项目:自治区科技特派员农村创业行动计划项目（2022BKF250）。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 应用高效液相色谱法对陇南市乡村旅游区不同种群的10个鲜食葡萄成熟果实中的糖酸组成及含量进行测定分析，为葡萄资源评价及建园时葡萄品种选择提供参考。结果表明,10个供试葡萄品种成熟果实中可溶性糖主要为葡萄糖与果糖，二者含量的变化幅度为75.15 mg/g·FW~100.33 mg/g·FW和68.25 mg/g·FW~104.26 mg/g·FW，均值为88.72 mg/g·FW和82.83 mg/g·FW，占总糖含量98.9%，蔗糖含量很低.可忽略不计，供试葡萄均属单糖积累型；有机酸主要由酒石酸、苹果酸、柠檬酸及草酸组成，其中酒石酸、苹果酸为优势有机酸，占有机酸总量的84.39%~95.97%。酒石酸均值为2.46 mg/g·FW，苹果酸均值2.37 mg/g·FW。供试品种中，欧亚种葡萄属酒石酸优势型水果，均值为2.56 mg/g·FW，占有机酸均值的56.37%，4个欧美杂交种葡萄果实中苹果酸均值3.26 mg/g·FW，占有机酸比重（46.76%）略高于酒石酸（41.38%）。供试葡萄分属欧亚种和欧美种，果实可溶性糖组分、含量及糖酸比与品种所属种系无关联性，而酒石酸、苹果酸含量及比重则与品种所属种系存在对应关系。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was employed to determine the composition and contents of sugars and organic acids in mature fruits of 10 table grape cultivars collected from rural tourism picking gardens in Longnan City, with the aim of providing a scientific basis for grape germplasm evaluation and cultivar selection during orchard establishment. The results indicated that glucose and fructose were the predominant soluble sugars in the mature fruits of all tested cultivars. The contents of glucose and fructose ranged from 75.15 to 100.33 mg/g·FW and from 68.25 to 104.26 mg/g·FW, respectively, with mean values of 88.72 mg/g·FW and 82.83 mg/g·FW. Together, these two sugars accounted for 98.9% of the total soluble sugar content, whereas sucrose was present at negligible levels. Consequently, all tested grape cultivars were classified as monosaccharide-accumulating types. The major organic acids detected in the fruits were tartaric acid, malic acid, citric acid, and oxalic acid. Among them, tartaric acid and malic acid were the dominant organic acids, jointly accounting for 84.39%-95.97% of the total organic acid content. The mean contents of tartaric acid and malic acid were 2.46 mg/g·FW and 2.37 mg/g·FW, respectively. Among the tested cultivars, Eurasian grape varieties exhibited a tartaric acid-dominant profile, with an average tartaric acid content of 2.56 mg/g·FW, accounting for 56.37% of the total organic acids. In contrast, the fruits of four European-American hybrid cultivars showed a malic acid-dominant tendency, with a mean malic acid content of 3.26 mg/g·FW, representing 46.76% of the total organic acids, slightly higher than that of tartaric acid (41.38%). The tested grape cultivars belonged to either Eurasian or European-American groups. The composition, content, and sugar-acid ratio of soluble sugars were not associated with the genetic group, whereas the contents and relative proportions of tartaric acid and malic acid were closely related to the cultivar genetic background. |
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