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| 两种药剂处理对魔芋软腐病的防治效果及对土壤微生物群落特征的影响 |
| Effects of Two Agents on Controlling Konjac Soft Rot and Soil Microbial Community Characteristics |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 魔芋 软腐病 药剂 土壤微生物群落 |
| 英文关键词:Konjac Soft rot Agents Soil microbiota |
| 基金项目:中国科学院西安分院科学院联盟项目（KXYLM-XA 2020052803）；中国科学院乡村振兴项目（KFJ-XCZX-202301）；陕西省创新能力支撑计划项目（2024NC-XYZ-07），陕西省科学院科技计划项目（2024j-07）。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为明确两种药剂对魔芋软腐病的防治效果及对土壤微生物群落的影响，研究了化学药剂噻霉酮和生物复合制剂果胶寡糖/ETS微生物菌剂对魔芋软腐病的防治效果，并利用高通量测序技术分析土壤细菌和真菌群落的多样性、组成及稳定性。结果显示，两种药剂处理均明显降低了魔芋软腐病的发病率，化学药剂噻霉酮对魔芋软腐病防治效果为55.75%，生物复合制剂果胶寡糖/ETS为43.81%；但化学药剂噻霉酮的施用会降低魔芋土壤微生物多样性，生物复合制剂果胶寡糖/ETS能增加魔芋土壤细菌多样性和丰富度。药剂施用主要通过影响细菌群落多样性和优势种丰度提高群落稳定性，生物复合制剂主要通过降低变形菌门、酸杆菌门微生物丰度，增加厚壁菌门微生物丰度实现对魔芋软腐病的防治。研究结果为魔芋软腐病的绿色综合防控提供了一定研究基础。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To evaluate the efficacy of two agents in controlling konjac soft rot and to assess their impacts on the soil microbial community, a field trial was conducted using a chemical agent (thiamethoxam) and a biological agent containing pectin oligosaccharides and ETS microbial inoculants. High-throughput sequencing was used to analyze the diversity, composition, and stability of bacterial and fungal communities in the soil. The results demonstrated that both treatments significantly reduced the incidence of soft rot in konjac plants. The control efficacy was 55.75% for thiamethoxam and 43.81% for the pectin oligosaccharide/ETS compound. However, the application of thiamethoxam led to decreased soil microbial diversity, while the biological agent significantly enhanced bacterial diversity and richness. The improvement in microbial community stability was primarily due to changes in bacterial diversity and the relative abundance of dominant taxa. The biological treatment mainly controlled the disease by reducing the abundance of Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria and increasing Firmicutes. These findings provide a scientific basis for the green and integrated management of konjac soft rot. |
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